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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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1995-02-24
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<text id=92TT1459>
<title>
June 29, 1992: Small Steps Against Big Diseases
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
June 29, 1992 The Other Side of Ross Perot
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
THE WEEK, Page 33
HEALTH & SCIENCE
Small Steps Against Big Diseases
</hdr><body>
<p>New vaccines may help thwart Lyme disease and AIDS
</p>
<p> In suburbs and rural areas, summer is Lyme-disease season,
prompting the flurry of instructions now issuing forth from
doctors' offices on how to avoid the illness. It's wise to pay
attention: the symptoms can range from joint pain and lethargy
in mild cases to debilitating arthritis and even heart damage.
But thwarting Lyme disease is not so easy, as anyone knows who
has ever searched for the poppy seed-size tick that carries it,
or for its unmistakable rash -- which sometimes never appears
at all. Tests sometimes don't reveal an infection, and symptoms
may not show up for months -- and when they finally do,
antibiotics don't always work.
</p>
<p> But medical researchers at Yale and Harvard say they have
come up with a vaccine that appears to protect against Lyme
disease -- in mice, at least. Not only that: when infected ticks
bit vaccinated mice in the lab, the disease bacteria inside the
ticks were killed as well. That was totally unexpected; if it
works the same way in humans, the vaccine could lead not only to
the prevention of Lyme disease in humans but to its complete
elimination in the wild.
</p>
<p> There was also progress last week on another vaccine; the
step forward may have been smaller, but the disease much more
widespread and deadly. Researchers in the U.S. and France
presented a report in the journal Science on a breakthrough in
creating a vaccination against aids. The scientists had already
proved that chimps could be protected by an experimental
vaccine, but only from the aids virus that swims in the fluids
outside cells. The virus found within cells is infectious too,
and the new results prove that the immunization works on this
variety as well. No one knows exactly how the process works,
which means it might not work the same way in humans, and the
vaccination regime -- multiple shots over several months, and
no guarantee the protection is long lasting -- makes it
inconvenient, especially in Third World countries where medical
services are poor. But any progress at all toward turning AIDS
from a killer into a nuisance is good news.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>